{"id":3933,"date":"2025-07-26T14:09:38","date_gmt":"2025-07-26T05:09:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atomic-temporary-186490298.wpcomstaging.com\/?p=3933"},"modified":"2025-07-26T14:09:38","modified_gmt":"2025-07-26T05:09:38","slug":"%eb%af%b8%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%95%88-%ec%8b%9c%ec%9e%a5%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c%ec%84%9c-%ec%a4%91%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ed%97%88%ec%8b%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/?p=3933","title":{"rendered":"\ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc548 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \ud5c8\uc2e4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ucd5c\uadfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ce\uc740 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud560 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ucc3e\uace0 \uc788\uace0, \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c \uaddc\ubaa8\uc640 \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \uba3c\uc800 \uace0\ub824\ub418\ub294 \ub300\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a0\uc624\ub978\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uc548\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uace0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc0c1\ub300\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc678\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790\uc774\uc790 &#8216;\ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790&#8217;\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uacaa\uac8c \ud558\uba70, \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \ubd88\uacf5\uc815 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc740 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc\uacfc \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ub09c\uad00\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2023\ub144\ubd80\ud130 2024\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d(\ubbf8\uad6d, EU, \ud55c\uad6d, \uc77c\ubcf8, \uc601\uad6d, \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544)\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \ub3d9\ud5a5\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubd88\uade0\ud615\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc740 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uc2ec\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc790\uae09\uc790\uc871 \ubc0f \uc218\ucd9c \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825 \uac15\ud654\uac00 \ub450\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \uc2dc\uac01\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654, \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud601\uc2e0 \uac15\ud654, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \uaddc\ubc94\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ub294 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \ud611\ub825 \uc99d\uc9c4 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uac01\uc801\uc778 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \ucc44\ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc9c0\ud615\uc758 \uc11c\ub9c9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ucd5c\uadfc \ub3c4\ub110\ub4dc \ud2b8\ub7fc\ud504 \uc804 \ubbf8\uad6d \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc740 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \ubb34\uc5ed \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc654\ub2e4. &#8216;\ubbf8\uad6d \uc6b0\uc120\uc8fc\uc758&#8217; \ubcf4\ud638\ubb34\uc5ed\uc8fc\uc758\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uad6d\uc744 \uace0\ub9bd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \uc758\ub3c4\uce58 \uc54a\uac8c \ub2e4\ub978 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ubaa8\uc0c9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[1]. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uae34\uc7a5\uacfc \ubcf4\ud638\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \uc99d\uac00\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacfc\ub3c4\ud55c \uc758\uc874\ub3c4\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2dc\uc7a5 \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc808\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c \ud070 \uacbd\uc81c \uaddc\ubaa8\uc640 \ubc29\ub300\ud55c \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \uac16\ucd98 \ub2e8\uc77c \uad6d\uac00\ub85c\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc190\uc27d\uace0 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \ub5a0\uc62c\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub300\uc548 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uaddc\ubaa8\uc640 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc5ed\ub3d9\uc131\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uac10\uc18c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801 \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \uc0c1\uc1c4\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\ub825\uc801\uc778 \uc120\ud0dd\uc9c0\ub85c \ube44\ucdb0\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \ud45c\uba74\uc801\uc778 \ub9e4\ub825 \ub4a4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc2ec\uc624\ud55c \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc9c8\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc9c0\uc801\ub41c \ubc14\uc640 \uac19\uc774, \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 &#8216;\ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790&#8217;\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uacaa\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8216;\uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d&#8217; \uc9c0\uc704\uc640 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378 \ubc0f \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc740 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc6b0\ub824\ub97c \uc57c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uace0\ub3c4\ub85c \ubbf8\ubb18\ud558\uace0 \uc885\uc885 \ub3c4\uc804\uc801\uc778 \ubb34\uc5ed \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\uc784\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \uc5ed\uc124\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uc989, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ub300\ud615 \ubb34\uc5ed \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub97c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub85c \ub300\uccb4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uc744 \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \ucde8\uc57d\uc810(\uc608: \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ubcf4\ud638\uc8fc\uc758)\uc744 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucde8\uc57d\uc810(\uc608: \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc2ec\ud654 \ubc0f \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc \ubb38\uc81c)\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\uccb4\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ucd08\ub798\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uacfc \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub2a5\ub825 \uac15\ud654, &#8216;\ud504\ub80c\ub4dc\uc1fc\uc5b4\ub9c1(friendshoring)&#8217; \ubc0f &#8216;\ub2c8\uc5b4\uc1fc\uc5b4\ub9c1(nearshoring)&#8217;\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uc9c0\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc811\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc6b0\ud638\uc801\uc778 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\uc640\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc99d\uc9c4 [2][3], \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\ub294 \uc0c1\ud638 \ubcf4\uc644\uc801\uc778 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud611\ub825\ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\uac01\uc801\uc778 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd \uc5c6\uc774\ub294 \uc608\uce21 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc801\uc751\uc758 \uc21c\ud658\uc5d0 \uac07\ud790 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc9c4\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378: \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790\ub85c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc9c8\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c &#8216;\uc18c\ube44\uc790&#8217;\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc &#8216;\ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790&#8217;\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc9c0\uc801\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc778 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uace0\ub3c4\ud654\uac00 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc5ed\ud559\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc9da\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1. &#8220;\uc911\uad6d\uc81c\uc870 2025&#8243;\uc758 \ucd94\uc9c4\uacfc \uadf8 \uc601\ud5a5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2015\ub144 \ucc98\uc74c \ubc1c\ud45c\ub41c &#8220;\uc911\uad6d\uc81c\uc870 2025&#8243;(MIC2025)\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc57c\uc2ec\ucc2c \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uace0\ub3c4\ud654\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacc4\ud68d\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub294 \uc678\uad6d \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc758\uc874\ub3c4\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0, \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4, \ucca8\ub2e8 \ub85c\ubd07 \uacf5\ud559, \ud56d\uacf5\uc6b0\uc8fc, \uc2e0\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ucc28\ub7c9(NEV), \uace0\uae09 CNC \uae30\uacc4, \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ud328\ub110 \ub4f1 10\ub300 \uc804\ub7b5 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc744 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uac00\uce58 \uc0ac\uc2ac\uc758 \uc0c1\uc704\ub85c \ub04c\uc5b4\uc62c\ub9ac\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4[4][5]. MIC2025\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ucc45 \uccad\uc0ac\uc9c4\uc774\ub77c\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \ud22c\uc790, \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad00\uc2ec, \uc81c\ub3c4\uc801 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc744 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \uc9d1\uc911\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac15\ub825\ud55c &#8220;\uc2e0\ud638 \uc7a5\uce58&#8221; \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4[4]. \uc77c\ubd80 \ud22c\uc790 \uc911\ubcf5 \ubc0f \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd80\ubb38\uc758 \uacfc\uc789 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub0b4\uc7ac\ub41c \ubb38\uc81c\uc810\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc774 \uacc4\ud68d\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 &#8220;\uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc5ed\ud560&#8221;\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud3c9\uac00\ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4[5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2. \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc30\ub825<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc740 MIC2025\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub180\ub77c\uc6b4 \uc131\uacf5\uc744 \uac70\ub450\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ud575\uc2ec \ub179\uc0c9 \uae30\uc220 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc555\ub3c4\uc801\uc778 \uc120\ub450\ub97c \ub2ec\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \ub9ac\ud2ac \uc774\uc628 \ubc30\ud130\ub9ac \uc81c\uc870\uc758 75% \uc774\uc0c1, \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ubaa8\ub4c8 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc758 \uac70\uc758 80%, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc804\uae30\ucc28(EV) \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc758 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[4][5]. \ub610\ud55c, \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uace0\uc18d\ucca0\ub3c4, \uadf8\ub798\ud540, \ubb34\uc778 \ud56d\uacf5\uae30 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \uc120\ub3c4\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[5]. 2023\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc6a9 \ub85c\ubd07\uc758 \uc808\ubc18 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ubc30\uce58\ud588\uc73c\uba70, 530\uac1c \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8 \uc81c\uc870 \ub2e8\uc9c0\uac00 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4[5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ub808\uac70\uc2dc \uce69(28nm \uc774\uc0c1)\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4 \ub300\uccb4\uc728\uc744 \uc57d 80%\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ub35c \ubc1c\uc804\ub41c \uce69\uc758 \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\ub300 \uc218\ucd9c\uad6d\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc778\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uc131\uacfc\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubbf8\uad6d \uc8fc\ub3c4\uc758 \uae30\uc220 \uc218\ucd9c \uaddc\uc81c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucca8\ub2e8 \uce69 \uc124\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc870\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ucde8\uc57d\uc810\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud574 \uc788\ub2e4[5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3. \uc0c1\ud638 \uac15\ud654\uc801\uc778 \uc911\uad6d \ud601\uc2e0 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubc1c\uc804\uc758 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ud2b9\uc9d5 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec \ubd80\ubb38\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0c1\ud638 \uac15\ud654\uc801\uc778 &#8220;\uacb9\uce58\uace0 \uc0c1\ud638 \uad50\ucc28\ud558\ub294 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4&#8221;\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub9ac\ud2ac \ubc30\ud130\ub9ac \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc740 \uc804\uae30\ucc28 \ubc0f \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc800\uc7a5 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\ud3f0 \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5bb\uc740 \uc804\ubb38\uc131(\uc608: \uc18c\ud615 \ub514\uc2a4\ud50c\ub808\uc774, \uc815\ubc00 \uc81c\uc870)\uc740 \uc774\uc81c \uc804\uae30\ucc28 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[4]. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud1b5\ud569\ub41c \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uaddc\ubaa8 \ud655\uc7a5\uacfc \ud601\uc2e0\uc744 \uc774\ub04c\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4. \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac00\uce58 \uc0ac\uc2ac \uc0c1\uc704\ub85c\uc758 \uacf5\uaca9\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc778 \uc774\ub3d9\uc740 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacbd\uc81c \uc9c0\ud615\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uacfc\uac70 \ube44\uad50 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \uac00\uc84c\ub358 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uacfc\uac70\uc758 &#8220;\uc218\uc9c1\uc801 \uc5ed\ud560 \ubd84\ub2f4&#8221;(\uc608: \ud55c\uad6d\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc911\uac04\uc7ac\ub97c \uc218\ucd9c\ud558\uc5ec \uc870\ub9bd)\uc740 \uc774\uc81c \ub354\uc6b1 &#8220;\uc218\ud3c9\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc7c1&#8221;\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud588\ub2e4[6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc800\ube44\uc6a9 \uc81c\uc870 \ud5c8\ube0c\ub098 \uc678\uad6d \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc815\uad50\ud558\uace0 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc81c\ud488\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790\uc774\uc790 \uc218\ucd9c\uad6d\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4, \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ub9ac\ub354\uc2ed\uacfc \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc810\uc720\uc728\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uc804\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 &#8220;\ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790&#8221;\ub77c\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc815\ucc45 \uac04\uc758 \ucda9\ub3cc\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8220;\uc911\uad6d\uc81c\uc870 2025&#8243;\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc815\ucc45, \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uad6d\uac00 \ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \ubc0f \ud22c\uc790 [4][5][7], \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc0c1\ud638 \uac15\ud654\uc801\uc778 \ud601\uc2e0 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \ubc1c\uc804\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uae30\uc220\uc801 \uc9c4\ubcf4\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc678\uad6d \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc218\uc694\ub97c \uac10\uc18c\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\ud488\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uad6d \ub0b4\uc678 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc744 \uc2ec\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ed\ud559\uc740 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uad6d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uac15\uc81c\ud558\uba70, \ud575\uc2ec \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uc911\uad6d \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc774 \uad6d\uac00 \uc548\ubcf4 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud568\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcf4\ud638\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ub300\uc751(\uc608: EU\uc758 \uc911\uad6d \uc804\uae30\ucc28\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801 \uad00\uc138 [8])\uacfc &#8216;\ub514\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud0b9(de-risking)&#8217; \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc18d\ud654\ud55c\ub2e4. \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uacfc \uae30\uc220\uc774 \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \ubc0f \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc758 \ucd5c\uc804\uc120\uc5d0 \ub193\uc774\uba74\uc11c \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc758 \ubbf8\ubb18\ud55c \ucc28\uc774: \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc758 \ub3c4\uc804<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc9c8\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 &#8216;\uc800\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58&#8217; \uc0c1\ud488\ub9cc\uc744 \ud310\ub9e4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc778\uc2dd\uc774 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uce58 \uc0ac\uc2ac\uc744 \uc0c1\ud5a5 \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac04\uacfc\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uacaa\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uccb4 \uc5ed\ub7c9\uc744 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. &#8220;\uc800\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58&#8221; \uc804\uc81c\uc758 \uc7ac\ud574\uc11d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc9c8\uc758\uc758 &#8220;\uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc800\ubd80\uac00&#8221;\ub77c\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uc740 \uc2e0\uc911\ud558\uac8c \uc7ac\ud574\uc11d\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc800\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uacbd\uc81c\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc800\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\ub9cc\uc744 \uc218\uc785\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 <em>\uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758<\/em> \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uacaa\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uccb4 \uc5ed\ub7c9\uc744 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \ubc1c\uc804\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \uc120\ud638\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \uc2dc\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4[4][5][7].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ub7c9\uc758 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ud488\ubaa9\uc744 \uc218\uc785\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, 2024\ub144 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\uc785\ud488\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uae30 \ubc0f \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\ube44(5,838.8\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uae30\uacc4, \uc6d0\uc790\ub85c \ubc0f \ubcf4\uc77c\ub7ec(2,291.1\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uad11\ud559, \uc0ac\uc9c4, \uae30\uc220 \ubc0f \uc758\ub8cc \uae30\uae30(\uc77c\ubcf8\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 82.1\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec) \ub4f1\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c\ub2e4[9][10]. \ubbf8\uad6d \ub610\ud55c 2024\ub144\uc5d0 112.2\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uad11\ud559, \uc758\ub8cc \ubc0f \uc218\uc220 \uae30\uae30\ub97c \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc218\ucd9c\ud588\ub2e4[11]. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc544\uc9c1 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \ud488\uc9c8\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \ubd80\ud488, \uc6d0\uc790\uc7ac \ub610\ub294 \uc804\ubb38 \uae30\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc218\uc694\uac00 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc678\uad6d \uacf5\uae09\uc5c5\uccb4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uacbd\uc7c1 \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \uce58\uc5f4\ud574\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 &#8220;\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58&#8221;\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc624\ud574\ub97c \ubd88\ub7ec\uc77c\uc73c\ud0a8\ub2e4. \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc218\uc785\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc911\uad6d\uc774 <em>\uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c<\/em> \uc815\uad50\ud55c \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uacf5\uae09\uc790\uac00 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc804\uae30 \uae30\uacc4, \uc6d0\uc790\ub85c, \uad11\ud559 \uae30\uae30 \ub4f1 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc218\uc785\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0, EU\uc640 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud488\ubaa9\ub4e4\uc744 \ub300\ub7c9\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ucd9c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4[11][12][13]. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ud574\uc678 \ubd80\ud488 \uc870\ub9bd\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 &#8220;\uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ud601\uc2e0 \ubc0f \uc81c\uc870 \uac15\uad6d&#8221;\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\uc640 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubd88\uade0\ud615<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc885\uc885 \ud655\ub300\ub418\ub294 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uc804\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\uc720\ub7fd\uc5f0\ud569(EU):<\/strong> 2024\ub144 EU\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 2,133\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc218\ucd9c\ud558\uace0 5,178\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [12] \ub610\ub294 5,190\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [13]\ub97c \uc218\uc785\ud558\uc5ec 3,045\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [12] \ub610\ub294 3,058\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [13]\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4. 2023\ub144 \ub300\ube44 \uc218\uc785\uacfc \uc218\ucd9c \ubaa8\ub450 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4(\uc218\ucd9c 0.5%~4.5% \uac10\uc18c, \uc218\uc785 0.5%~4.6% \uac10\uc18c)[12][13]. \ud2b9\ud788 2015\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 2024\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc801\uc790 \uaddc\ubaa8\ub294 \uac00\uce58 \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \ubc30, \ubb3c\ub7c9 \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub124 \ubc30 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4[13]. 2023\ub144 1\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 2024\ub144 12\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 EU\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 12.5% \uac10\uc18c\ud55c \ubc18\uba74, \uc911\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc218\uc785\uc740 4.9% \uac10\uc18c\uc5d0 \uadf8\ucce4\ub2e4[14].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ubbf8\uad6d:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub294 2,954\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [15] \ub610\ub294 3,188.4\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [11]\ub85c, 2023\ub144 \ub300\ube44 5.8%\uc5d0\uc11c 6% \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4. 2024\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 2.9% \uac10\uc18c\ud55c 1,435\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud55c \ubc18\uba74, \uc911\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\uc785\uc740 2.8% \uc99d\uac00\ud55c 4,389\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [15] \ub610\ub294 4,623.8\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [11]\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub300\ud55c\ubbfc\uad6d:<\/strong> 1992\ub144 \uc218\uad50 \uc774\ud6c4 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ubb34\uc5ed \ud751\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud574\uc654\uc73c\ub098, 2023\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c 180\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4[6].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc601\uad6d:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 12\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ucd1d \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub294 390\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc0c1\ud488 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub294 487\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\uc600\ub2e4[16].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 1\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 11\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \ucd1d 140\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc911\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc218\uc785\uc740 459\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4[17].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790 \ud655\ub300\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc815\ucc45 [4][5]\uacfc \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uad6d\ub0b4 \ud22c\uc790, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud1a0\ucc29 \ud601\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uc9d1\uc911 [4][5]\uc774 \uacb0\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uc99d\ub300\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc778\uacfc \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\uc785 \uc758\uc874\ub3c4\ub97c \ub0ae\ucd94\uace0, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\ud488\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uad6d \ub0b4\uc678 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc744 \uc2ec\ud654\uc2dc\ucf1c \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc758 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \ubd84\uc57c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3. \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \uad6c\uc131\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\ubd80 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc815\uccb4\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc218\ucd9c \uad6c\uc131\uc740 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uac15\uc810 \ub610\ub294 \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc2ec\ud654\uc758 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>EU:<\/strong> \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488(88%)\uc774\uba70, \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \ucc28\ub7c9(51%), \uae30\ud0c0 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488(20%), \ud654\ud559 \uc81c\ud488(17%)\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ube44\uc911\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4[14]. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc758\uc57d\ud488 \ubc0f \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 2023\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 2024\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ud06c\uac8c \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[14].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub3c5\uc77c:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ucc28\ub7c9, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc2b9\uc6a9\ucc28 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4. \uae30\uacc4\ub958 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ud488\ubaa9\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, 2021\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 2024\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uac00\uce58\uac00 \uc57d\uac04 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[18].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub124\ub35c\ub780\ub4dc:<\/strong> 2021\ub144 54\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c 2024\ub144 130\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\ub85c \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uae30\uacc4\ub958 \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \uc911 87%\uac00 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uae30\uacc4\uc600\ub2e4[18].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ub300\ud55c\ubbfc\uad6d:<\/strong> \uc218\ub144\uac04 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \uc131\uc7a5\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub3d9\ub825\uc774\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud3c9\uc801 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac00\ub824\uc654\uace0, \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ucd9c \uac10\uc18c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4[6].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc77c\ubcf8:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 1\uc6d4 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 29.2% \uae09\uc99d\ud558\uc5ec \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc218\uc694 \uc99d\uac00\uc640 \uacbd\uc81c \ud68c\ubcf5\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud588\ub2e4[19]. \uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488\uc5d0\ub294 \uce69, \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \ubd80\ud488, \uc644\uc81c\ud488 \uc124\ube44, \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uae30\uacc4\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c\ub2e4[19]. 2024\ub144 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488\uc740 \uae30\uacc4\ub958(305.1\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc804\uae30\/\uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\ube44(222.8\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ucc28\ub7c9(92.1\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4[10].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\ud504\ub791\uc2a4:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uae30\uacc4\ub958(48.5\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ud56d\uacf5\uae30(27.9\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uac00\uc8fd \uc81c\ud488(24.4\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ud654\uc7a5\ud488(19.3\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc758\uc57d\ud488(19.2\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec) \ub4f1\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4[20]. 2024\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 &#8220;\uae30\ud0c0 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uc7a5\ube44&#8221; \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 64.2% \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4[21].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc601\uad6d:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ucd1d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 23.8% \uac10\uc18c\ud55c 167\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud55c \ubc18\uba74, \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 12.1% \uc99d\uac00\ud55c 130\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4[16]. \uc911\uad6d \uc18c\ube44 \uc2ec\ub9ac \uc704\ucd95\uc73c\ub85c \ub7f0\ub358\uc758 \uace0\uae09 \ud654\uc7a5\ud488 \ubc0f \ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[22]. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc601\uad6d \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc740 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc0c1\ud488(\uc608: \uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubbf8\ub4e4\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804 \uae30\uacc4, \uc2a4\ucf54\ud2c0\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \uc11d\uc720\/\ud574\uc0b0\ubb3c)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ucd9c \uc99d\uac00\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4[22].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4. \uc911\uad6d \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \ub3c4\uc804<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc0b0\uce35\uacfc Gen Z \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uc758 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8\ub85c \ud070 \uba85\ud488 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 [23], \uc678\uad6d \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ub294 \ud604\uc9c0 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uce58\uc5f4\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud574 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uc758 49%\ub294 \uad6d\ub0b4 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uac00 \uc678\uad6d \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ubcf4\ub2e4 &#8220;\ub354 \ub098\uc740 \ud488\uc9c8&#8221;\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud55c\ub2e4[23].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc911\uad6d \uc18c\ube44\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcf8\ud1a0\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \uac00\uaca9\uacfc \uc138\uae08, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc9c4\ud488\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc6b0\ub824 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud574\uc678\uc5d0\uc11c \uba85\ud488\uc744 \uad6c\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc120\ud638\ud588\ub2e4[24]. \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uad00\ub828 \uc5ec\ud589 \uc81c\ud55c\uc73c\ub85c \uad6d\ub0b4 \uba85\ud488 \uc18c\ube44\uac00 \ucd09\uc9c4\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc [23], \uc911\uad6d \uba85\ud488 \uc18c\ube44\uc758 \uac70\uc758 70%\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ubcf8\ud1a0 \ubc16\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4[24]. \uc774\ub294 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \ubc29\ub300\ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uac00\uaca9 \ucc28\uc774, \ud604\uc9c0 \uacbd\uc7c1, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubfcc\ub9ac \uae4a\uc740 \uc18c\ube44\uc790 \ud589\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc678\uad6d \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uac00 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ub825\uc744 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ud3ec\ucc29\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uc678\uad6d \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ub294 \ub610\ud55c \uc911\uad6d \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uc758 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \uc634\ub2c8\ucc44\ub110 \uad6c\ub9e4 \uc2b5\uad00\uc5d0 \uc801\uc751\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ub514\uc9c0\ud138 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc, \uacf5\ub3d9 \uad6c\ub9e4, \ub77c\uc774\ube0c \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\ubc0d\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4[23].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc774\uc911\uc801 \ub3c4\uc804\uc740 \ud604\uc9c0 \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc2ec\ud654\uc640 \ud574\uc678 \uad6c\ub9e4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc694 \uce21\uba74\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc785 \uad00\uc138 \ubc0f \uc18c\ube44\uc138 \uc815\ucc45 [24], \uc18c\ube44\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uad50\ud568\uacfc \ub514\uc9c0\ud138 \ud65c\uc6a9 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc99d\uac00 [23], \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc911\uad6d \ud604\uc9c0 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \ud488\uc9c8 \ubc0f \uc778\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc0c1\uc2b9 [23]\uc774 \ubcf5\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc911\uad6d \ub0b4 \uba85\ud488 \uc18c\ube44\uc758 \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ud574\uc678\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uac70\ub098 \uad6d\ub0b4 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc678\uad6d \uba85\ud488 \ubc0f \ud504\ub9ac\ubbf8\uc5c4 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uac00 \uc911\uad6d \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\uc775\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\uace0 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ub825\uc744 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc2e4\ud604\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4. \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc678\uad6d \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\ub294 \uc634\ub2c8\ucc44\ub110 \uad6c\ub9e4 \ubc0f \ub514\uc9c0\ud138 \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305\uc5d0 \uc801\uc751\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \ud574\uc678 \uad6c\ub9e4\uc640\uc758 \uac00\uaca9 \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825 \ubb38\uc81c\uc640 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uac15\ub825\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \ud604\uc9c0 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uc640\uc758 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ubbf8\ubb18\ud558\uace0 \ud604\uc9c0\ud654\ub41c \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \ud544\uc694\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc911\uad6d \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc740 \uac70\ub300\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c &#8220;\ud669\uae08\uc54c\uc744 \ub0b3\ub294 \uac70\uc704&#8221;\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8220;\uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d&#8221; \uc9c0\uc704: \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589 \ubc0f \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc \uc7a5\ubcbd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc9c8\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8220;\uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d&#8221; \uc9c0\uc704\uac00 \uc5b8\uae09\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \uadf8 \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc774 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1. \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uac1c\ubc1c\uacfc \ubd88\uacf5\uc815 \uacbd\uc7c1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc758 \ub180\ub77c\uc6b4 \uacbd\uc81c \uc131\uc7a5\uc740 \uc885\uc885 &#8220;\uad6d\uac00 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758&#8221;\uc758 \ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc9c0\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uac1c\ubc1c \ubaa8\ub378\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud06c\uac8c \ucd94\uc9c4\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4[25]. \uc774 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ud575\uc2ec \uc778\ud504\ub77c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uad6d\uac00 \ud22c\uc790\ub97c \ucd09\uc9c4\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uae09\uc18d\ud55c \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uace0\ub3c4\ud654\ub97c \uc774\ub04c\uc5c8\ub2e4[25].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc6b0\ub824 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc740 \uc911\uad6d \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0b0\uc5c5, \ud2b9\ud788 \uad6d\uc601\uae30\uc5c5(SOE) \ubc0f \ucca0\uac15, \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ud328\ub110 \uc0dd\uc0b0, \uc804\uae30\ucc28\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud575\uc2ec \uc804\ub7b5 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \ubcf4\uc870\uae08\uc774\ub2e4[7][26]. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcf4\uc870\uae08\uc740 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \uc65c\uace1\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uad6d \uae30\uc5c5\uc5d0 \uc678\uad6d \uacbd\uc7c1\uc0ac\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub110\ub9ac \uc778\uc2dd\ub41c\ub2e4[7].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc801 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c(IP) \uc808\ub3c4, \uac15\uc81c \uae30\uc220 \uc774\uc804(\uc678\uad6d \uae30\uc5c5\uc774 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc\uc744 \ub300\uac00\ub85c \ub3c5\uc810 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uac15\uc694\ubc1b\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0), \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uae30\uc5c5 \ube44\ubc00\uc744 \ud45c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc774\ubc84 \uc2a4\ud30c\uc774 \ud65c\ub3d9\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub17c\uc7c1\uc801\uc778 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4[7].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WTO \ud68c\uc6d0\uad6d\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uaddc\uc81c \ud658\uacbd\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \uae08\uc735, \ud1b5\uc2e0, \ud074\ub77c\uc6b0\ub4dc \ucef4\ud4e8\ud305\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud575\uc2ec \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc678\uad6d \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc9c4\uc785\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc7a5\ubcbd\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d \uae30\uc5c5\uc774 \uc120\uc9c4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub204\ub9ac\ub294 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \uc790\uc720\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc811\uadfc\uacfc \uadf9\uba85\ud55c \ub300\uc870\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\uba70, \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \ubd88\uade0\ud615\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud55c\ub2e4[7].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2. WTO \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c &#8220;\uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d&#8221; \uc9c0\uc704<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc740 WTO \ud611\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c &#8220;\ud2b9\ubcc4 \ubc0f \ucc28\ub4f1 \ub300\uc6b0&#8221;(SDT)\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc5ec\ub418\ub294 \uba74\uc81c \ubc0f \uc608\uc678\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4[27]. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ube44\uc911\uc774 \uc138\uacc4 2\uc704 \uacbd\uc81c \ub300\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\uba74\uc11c, SDT\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \ubb34\uc5ed \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[27].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud2b9\ud788 \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ub18d\uc5c5 \ubc0f \uc5b4\uc5c5 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\ub300\uc758 \ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud558\uc5ec, \ub9e4\ub144 2,000\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \ub18d\ubbfc\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 EU(1,000\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\ub098 \ubbf8\uad6d(330\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub9ce\uc740 \uae08\uc561\uc774\ub2e4[27]. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub18d\uc5c5 \ubcf4\uc870\uae08\uc740 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc744 \uc57c\uae30\ud558\uace0 \uc138\uacc4 \uac00\uaca9\uc744 \uc778\uc704\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub0ae\ucdb0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub3c4\uc0c1\uad6d\uc758 \uc218\ubc31\ub9cc \uac00\ub09c\ud55c \ub18d\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0dd\uacc4\ub97c \uc704\ud611\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ube44\ud310\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4[27].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8220;\uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d&#8221; \uc9c0\uc704\ub294 \uc774\uc81c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uacfc\uac70 \uacbd\uc81c \ub2e8\uacc4\uc758 \ubc18\uc601\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc7c1 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c \uc9c4\ud654\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c &#8220;\uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \ubaa8\ud638\uc131&#8221;\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uace0 \uc721\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \uc815\ub2f9\ud654\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \uad6d\uc81c \ubb34\uc5ed \ud3ec\ub7fc\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b9\ud61c\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d \uae30\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uacf5\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ud638\ud61c\uc801\uc778 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ucd94\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ub3c4\uc804\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ed\ud559\uc740 \uad6d\uc81c \ubb34\uc5ed \ub17c\uc758\uc758 \ucd08\uc810\uc744 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uc138 \uc778\ud558\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6d\uac00 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758, \uc9c0\uc801 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c \ubcf4\ud638, \uc2dc\uc7a5 \ud638\ud61c\uc131 \ub4f1 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc774\ub294 &#8216;\ub514\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud0b9&#8217; \ubc0f &#8216;\ud504\ub80c\ub4dc\uc1fc\uc5b4\ub9c1&#8217; \uc804\ub7b5 [2][3]\uc758 \uadfc\uac70\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \uaddc\ubc94, \ubc95\uc801 \ud2c0, \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud558\ub294 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub4e4\uacfc \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\ub824 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ub300\ud45c\ud558\ub294 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ud558\uc774\ube0c\ub9ac\ub4dc \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ubb34\uc5ed \uaddc\uce59\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801 \uc7ac\ud611\uc0c1\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4 \uc804\ub7b5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uae34\uc7a5\uc774 \uace0\uc870\ub418\ub294 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370, \uc911\uad6d\uc740 &#8216;\uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4&#8217;\ub97c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc131\uc7a5 \uc804\ub7b5\uc73c\ub85c \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[28]. \uc774\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4 \uad6d\uac00\uc640\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud611\ub825\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0, \ucd5c\uc885 \uc18c\ube44\uc7ac\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubc18\uc81c\ud488 \ubc0f \uc644\uc81c\ud488 \uc704\uc8fc\ub85c \uc218\ucd9c \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\ub2e4[28].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc77c\ub300\uc77c\ub85c \uc774\ub2c8\uc154\ud2f0\ube0c(BRI)\ub294 \uc774 \uc804\ub7b5\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \ucd95\uc73c\ub85c, 70\uac1c\uad6d \uc774\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \ud575\uc2ec \ubb34\uc5ed\ub85c\uc640 \uc778\ud504\ub77c\ub97c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uace0 \uc18c\uc720\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ubc29\ub300\ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ubb34\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4[29]. BRI \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\ub294 \ubb34\uc5ed \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc808\uac10\ud558\uace0, \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub2e8\ucd95\ud558\uba70, \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd\uc744 \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc0c1\ud488 \uc774\ub3d9\uc758 \ub300\uccb4 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4[30].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 BRI\ub294 \uad6d\uc81c \uad00\ucc30\uc790\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c &#8220;\ubd80\ucc44 \uc678\uad50&#8221;(\uc608: \uc2a4\ub9ac\ub791\uce74\uc640 \uc7a0\ube44\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc7ac\uc815\uc801 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uacaa\uac70\ub098 \ubd80\ucc44\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc790\uc0b0 \ud1b5\uc81c\uad8c\uc744 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840 [31]), \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc778\ud504\ub77c \ud1b5\uc81c\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc704\ud5d8 [29], \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc7a0\uc7ac\uc801\uc778 \ubd80\uc815\uc801 \ud658\uacbd \uc601\ud5a5 [29] \ub4f1 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc6b0\ub824\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. \ube44\ud310\ub860\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd80\ubb38(\uc608: \uc7a0\ube44\uc544 \uad11\uc5c5)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8220;\uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uc9c0\ubc30\ub825&#8221;\uacfc \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uacfc\uc789 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc774 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub3c4\uc0c1\uad6d\uc758 \ud604\uc9c0 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uc800\ud574\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654\ub97c \ubc29\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ubb34\uc5ed \ubd88\uade0\ud615\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4[31][32].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4 \uc804\ub7b5\uc740 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uacfc\uc789 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \ud574\uc18c\ud558\uace0 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uac00\uce58 \uc0ac\uc2ac\uc744 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc6d0\uc790\uc7ac \ubc0f \ubbf8\ub798 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc811\uadfc\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ubcf5\ud569\uc801\uc778 \ubaa9\uc801\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc5f0\uad6c \uc790\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 [32], \uc911\uad6d\uc740 &#8220;\uc800\uae30\uc220 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \uc57d\uc18d&#8221;\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc800\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\ubc30\ub825\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub3c4\uc0c1\uad6d\uc758 \ud604\uc9c0 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \uc57d\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uc800\ud574\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ucd5c\uc885 \uc81c\ud488\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubc0f \ubc18\uc81c\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc790\uad6d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc5ed\ub7c9\uc744 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc804\ub7b5\uc740 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc5ed\ud559\uc744 \uc7ac\uc815\uc758\ud558\uba70, \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uc11c\uad6c \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uc6b0\ud68c\ud558\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\ub825 \ucd95\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\uc7c1\ud560 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\ubc30\uc801\uc778 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uacf5\uae09\uc790\uc774\uc790 \uc778\ud504\ub77c \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc785\uc9c0\ub97c \uad73\ud788\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc7ac \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc774 \uc774\ub4e4 \uc2e0\ud765 \uacbd\uc81c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubbf8\ub798 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ud798\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc18d \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uac1c\ubc1c, \uacbd\uc81c \uc8fc\uad8c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 &#8220;\ub0a8\ub0a8 \ud611\ub825&#8221;\uc758 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \ubc0f \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \uc0ac\ub840 \uc5f0\uad6c: \uc8fc\uc694 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \ub3d9\ud5a5 (2023-2024\ub144)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774 \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ubb34\uc5ed \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc640 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ucd94\uc138\uc640 \ubbf8\ubb18\ud55c \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1. \ubbf8\uad6d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> \ubbf8\uad6d\uc740 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \uac10\uc18c\uc640 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790 \ud655\ub300\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. 2024\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 2.9% \uac10\uc18c\ud55c 1,435\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4[11][15]. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc911\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\uc785\uc740 2.8% \uc99d\uac00\ud55c 4,389\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [15] \ub610\ub294 4,623.8\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [11]\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 2024\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub294 2,954\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [15] \ub610\ub294 3,188.4\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec [11]\ub85c, 2023\ub144 \ub300\ube44 5.8%\uc5d0\uc11c 6% \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\uc785\ud488:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\ud488\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uae30 \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc7a5\ube44(152.7\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uad11\ubb3c \uc5f0\ub8cc \ubc0f \uc11d\uc720(147.2\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc720\ub8cc \uc885\uc790(133.5\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc6d0\uc790\ub85c \ubc0f \uae30\uacc4(128.5\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ud56d\uacf5\uae30(115.3\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4[11]. \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\uc785\ud488\uc740 \uc804\uae30 \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc7a5\ube44(1,270.5\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc6d0\uc790\ub85c \ubc0f \uae30\uacc4(851.2\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc644\uad6c, \uac8c\uc784 \ubc0f \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20 \uc6a9\ud488(320.4\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1(215.2\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4[11].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ubbf8\uc911 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc804\uc7c1\uacfc \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc99d\uac00\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\uc5ed \ubd88\uade0\ud615\uc774 \uc2ec\ud654\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uad00\uc138\uac00 \uae09\uaca9\ud788 \uc778\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc77c\ubd80 \uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\ud488(\uc608: \uad6c\ub9ac \uc81c\ud488, \uc644\uad6c, \uad11\ud559 \uae30\uae30)\uc740 \uc608\uc0c1\uc678\uc758 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uc744 \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4[8]. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc218\ucd9c \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc720\ub7fd \ubc0f \ub77c\ud2f4 \uc544\uba54\ub9ac\uce74 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\ub978 \uad6d\uac00\ub85c\uc758 \uc218\ucd9c\uc744 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub298\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4[8][33].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2. \uc720\ub7fd\uc5f0\ud569(EU)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> EU\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud574 \uc788\ub2e4. 2024\ub144 EU\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 2,133\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc218\ucd9c\ud558\uace0 5,178\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [12] \ub610\ub294 5,190\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [13]\ub97c \uc218\uc785\ud558\uc5ec 3,045\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [12] \ub610\ub294 3,058\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c [13]\uc758 \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4. 2023\ub144 \ub300\ube44 \uc218\uc785\uacfc \uc218\ucd9c \ubaa8\ub450 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4(\uc218\ucd9c 0.5%~4.5% \uac10\uc18c, \uc218\uc785 0.5%~4.6% \uac10\uc18c)[12][13]. \ud2b9\ud788 2015\ub144\uc5d0\uc11c 2024\ub144 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc801\uc790 \uaddc\ubaa8\ub294 \uac00\uce58 \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \ubc30, \ubb3c\ub7c9 \uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub124 \ubc30 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4[^13]. 2023\ub144 1\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 2024\ub144 12\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 EU\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 12.5% \uac10\uc18c\ud55c \ubc18\uba74, \uc911\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc218\uc785\uc740 4.9% \uac10\uc18c\uc5d0 \uadf8\ucce4\ub2e4[14].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\uc785\ud488:<\/strong> EU\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\uc785\uc740 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488(97%)\uc774 \uc555\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ce\uc73c\uba70, \uc8fc\ub85c \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \ucc28\ub7c9(55%), \uae30\ud0c0 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488(34%)\uc774 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4[^13]. EU\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \ub610\ud55c \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488(86.9%)\uc774\uba70, \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \ucc28\ub7c9(51%), \uae30\ud0c0 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488(20%), \ud654\ud559 \uc81c\ud488(17%)\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ube44\uc911\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4[13][14]. EU\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ud751\uc790\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, 2024\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 217\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4[13].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> EU\uc758 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc218\uc785\uc6d0\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\uc804\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ucd9c \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc2ec\ud654\ub418\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uc801\uc790\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4. 2024\ub144 \uc218\uc785\uacfc \uc218\ucd9c \ubaa8\ub450\uc758 \uc18c\ud3ed \uac10\uc18c\ub294 EU\uc758 \uc911\uad6d \uacfc\uc789 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ubc0f \ubd88\uacf5\uc815 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc6b0\ub824\uac00 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4[34][35].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2.1. \ub3c5\uc77c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> \ub3c5\uc77c\uc740 EU\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c, 2024\ub144 \uc218\ucd9c\uc561\uc740 900\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4[14][36][37]. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 2023\ub144\uc5d0 \uae09\uaca9\ud788 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\uc73c\uba70 2024\ub144\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uc5ec, \ud2b9\ud788 \ucc28\ub7c9, \uadf8 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc2b9\uc6a9\ucc28 \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \uc904\uc5c8\ub2e4(2021\ub144 \ub300\ube44 2024\ub144 \ubb3c\ub7c9 \uae30\uc900 \uc57d 26% \uac10\uc18c)[18]. \uae30\uacc4\ub958 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ud488\ubaa9\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uac00\uce58\uac00 \uc57d\uac04 \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[18].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uace0\ub3c4\ud654\uac00 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488(\uc608: \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28)\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc790\uccb4 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubc1c\uc804\uacfc \uc804\uae30\ucc28 \uc804\ud658\uc740 \ub3c5\uc77c \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc555\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2.2. \ud504\ub791\uc2a4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 240\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc600\ub2e4[14][36][37]. 2023\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30\ubd80\ud130 2024\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 1.95% \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 &#8220;\uae30\ud0c0 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uc7a5\ube44&#8221; \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 64.2% \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4[21]. 2024\ub144 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488\uc5d0\ub294 \uae30\uacc4\ub958(48.5\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ud56d\uacf5\uae30(27.9\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uac00\uc8fd \uc81c\ud488(24.4\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \ud654\uc7a5\ud488(19.3\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec), \uc758\uc57d\ud488(19.2\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4[20].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ud488\ubaa9(\uc608: \ud56d\uacf5\uae30, \uace0\uae09 \uc18c\ube44\uc7ac)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc815\ucc45\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \ud2b9\uc815 \ub2c8\uce58(niche) \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774\ub098 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc790\uae09\uc790\uc871\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3. \ub300\ud55c\ubbfc\uad6d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> \ud55c\uad6d\uc740 1992\ub144 \uc218\uad50 \uc774\ud6c4 \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ubb34\uc5ed \ud751\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud574\uc654\uc73c\ub098, 2023\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c 180\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4[6]. 2023\ub144 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uc804\ub144 \ub300\ube44 19.9% \uae09\uac10\ud558\uc5ec, \ucd1d \uc218\ucd9c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc911\uc774 20\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c 20% \uc544\ub798\uc778 19.7%\ub85c \uc904\uc5c8\ub2e4[6]. \ubc18\uba74, \ub300\ubbf8\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \ube44\uc911\uc740 18.3%\ub85c 20\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ud3ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uc5ec, \ub450 \ubb34\uc5ed \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108 \uac04\uc758 \uc218\ucd9c \ube44\uc911 \uaca9\ucc28\uac00 1.4%\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub85c \uc881\ud600\uc84c\ub2e4[6]. 2023\ub144 12\uc6d4\uc5d0\ub294 20\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc6d4\ubcc4 \ub300\ubbf8\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc561(113\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\uc774 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc561(109\uc5b5 \ub2ec\ub7ec)\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc130\ub2e4[6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488:<\/strong> \uc218\ub144\uac04 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uac00 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \uc131\uc7a5\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub3d9\ub825\uc774\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654(\uc218\ud3c9\uc801 \uacbd\uc7c1)\ub97c \uac00\ub824\uc654\ub2e4[6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uace0\ub3c4\ud654 \uc804\ub7b5\uc778 &#8220;\uc911\uad6d\uc81c\uc870 2025&#8243;\uac00 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc911\uac04\uc7ac \uc218\ucd9c \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub354 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ubcf4\uc644\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4[6]. \uc774\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc774 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ubb34\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\ub514\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud0b9&#8217;\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 &#8216;\ub514\ucee4\ud50c\ub9c1&#8217;\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uacaa\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud558\uba70, \ubbf8\uad6d \ubc0f \uc77c\ubcf8\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ubaa8\uc0c9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[38].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.4. \uc601\uad6d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \ubc0f \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ucd1d \ubb34\uc5ed\uc561\uc740 984\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub85c, 2023\ub144 4\ubd84\uae30 \ub300\ube44 4.2% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[16]. \uc774 \uc911 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ucd1d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 297\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub85c 11.4% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \ucd1d \uc218\uc785\uc740 687\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub85c 0.8% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[16]. 2024\ub144 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 23.8% \uae09\uac10\ud55c 167\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 12.1% \uc99d\uac00\ud55c 130\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4[16]. 2024\ub144 \uc601\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 1% \uc99d\uac00\ud55c 211\uc5b5 \ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc5ec 2023\ub144\uc758 \uac10\uc18c\uc138\ub97c \uc5ed\uc804\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4[22].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488:<\/strong> \ub7f0\ub358\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uace0\uae09 \ud654\uc7a5\ud488 \ubc0f \ub514\uc790\uc774\ub108 \uc0c1\ud488\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uae30\ud0c0 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc81c\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc18c\ube44 \uc2ec\ub9ac \uc704\ucd95\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 13% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4[22]. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubbf8\ub4e4\ub79c\ub4dc\ub294 \ubc1c\uc804 \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc7a5\ube44 \uc218\ucd9c \uc99d\uac00\ub85c \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ucd5c\ub300 \uc218\ucd9c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac\ub9e4\uae40\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uc2a4\ucf54\ud2c0\ub79c\ub4dc\ub294 \uc11d\uc720 \ubc0f \ud574\uc0b0\ubb3c \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\ub2e4[22].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \ub3d9\ud5a5\uc740 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\ucd9c\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc218\ucd9c\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ucc3e\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d \uacbd\uc81c\uac00 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \uc911\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubc0f \ub0b4\uc218 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub428\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc218\ucd9c \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubaa8\uc0c9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubd84\uc57c\uac00 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc911\uad6d \ub0b4 \uc18c\ube44 \uc2ec\ub9ac \uc704\ucd95\uc740 \uace0\uae09 \uc18c\ube44\uc7ac \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.5. \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ub3d9\ud5a5:<\/strong> 2024\ub144 1\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 11\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc640 \uc911\uad6d \uac04\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc561\uc740 599\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\ub85c, 2023\ub144 \ub3d9\uae30 \ub300\ube44 5.2% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc774 21.1% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4[17]. \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 140\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc600\uace0, \uc218\uc785\uc740 459\uc5b5 \uc720\ub85c\uc600\ub2e4[17]. \uc911\uad6d \uc138\uad00 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, 2024\ub144 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uc81c\ud488\uc758 \uc911\uad6d \uc218\uc785\uc740 \uc804\ub144 \ub300\ube44 3.2% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \uc720\ub7fd \ud3c9\uade0(-4.4%) \ubc0f \ud504\ub791\uc2a4(-5.9%), \ub3c5\uc77c(-10.7%)\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc2dc\uc7a5\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub098\uc740 \uc2e4\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4[39].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc218\ucd9c\ud488:<\/strong> \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc12c\uc720 \ubc0f \uc758\ub958(\ucd1d \uc218\ucd9c\uc758 26.5%), \uae30\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc7a5\ube44(22.9%), \ud654\ud559 \uc81c\ud488(7.9%), \uc758\uc57d\ud488(6%), \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uc7a5\ube44(6%)\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c\ub2e4[17].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\ubd84\uc11d:<\/strong> \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \uc218\ucd9c \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \uc911\uad6d \ub0b4\uc218 \ub454\ud654, \uad6d\uc81c \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc2ec\ud654, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd\uc758 \uc9c0\uc5ed\ud654 \uacbd\ud5a5 \ub4f1 \ubcf5\ud569\uc801\uc778 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ub41c\ub2e4[39]. \uadf8\ub7fc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\ub294 \uc720\ub7fd \ud3c9\uade0\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub098\uc740 \uc218\ucd9c \uc2e4\uc801\uc744 \ubcf4\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc0b0\uc5c5(\uc608: \uc12c\uc720 \ubc0f \uc758\ub958, \uae30\uacc4)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uc81c\ud488\uc774 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc758 \uc911\uad6d \ub0b4 \ud22c\uc790\uc640 \ubb34\uc5ed \ubc15\ub78c\ud68c \ucc38\uc5ec\ub294 \uc591\uad6d \uac04 \uacbd\uc81c \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4[17].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \uacb0\ub860 \ubc0f \uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ucd5c\uadfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ub9ce\uc740 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud560 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ucc3e\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uadf8 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c \uaddc\ubaa8\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \ub300\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2ec\uce35 \ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\uba74\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uc804\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbf8\uad6d\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud560 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc801\uc808\ud558\ub2e4.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc678\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c &#8216;\uc18c\ube44\uc790&#8217;\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, &#8216;\uc911\uad6d\uc81c\uc870 2025&#8217;\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4, \uc804\uae30\ucc28 \ubc30\ud130\ub9ac, \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ud328\ub110 \ub4f1 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc804\ub7b5 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c &#8216;\uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790&#8217;\uc774\uc790 &#8216;\ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790&#8217;\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uacfc\uac70 \ube44\uad50 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \uac00\uc84c\ub358 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uba74\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 EU, \ubbf8\uad6d, \ud55c\uad6d \ub4f1 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc758 \ub300\uc911\uad6d \ubb34\uc5ed \uc801\uc790 \uc2ec\ud654\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \ud601\uc2e0 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4\ub294 \uc0c1\ud638 \uac15\ud654\uc801\uc778 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uac00\uce58 \uc0ac\uc2ac\uc744 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc0c1\ud5a5 \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uace0 \uc790\uae09\uc790\uc871 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0 &#8216;\uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58&#8217; \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uacaa\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc778\uc2dd\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc774 &#8216;\uc800\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58&#8217; \uacbd\uc81c\ub77c\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 <em>\uc790\uc2e0\ub4e4\uc758<\/em> \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uce68\ud22c\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc5b4\ub835\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud2b9\uc815 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \ubd80\ud488\uc774\ub098 \uae30\uacc4\ub97c \uc218\uc785\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc790\uad6d \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uc131\uc7a5\uc740 \uc678\uad6d \uc81c\ud488\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc218\uc694\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \ubc29\ub300\ud55c \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5, \ud2b9\ud788 \uba85\ud488 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc740 \ub9e4\ub825\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc785 \uad00\uc138, \ud604\uc9c0 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825 \uac15\ud654, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud574\uc678 \uad6c\ub9e4 \uc120\ud638 \ud604\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc678\uad6d \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uac00 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ub825\uc744 \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ud3ec\ucc29\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8216;\uac1c\ub3c4\uad6d&#8217; \uc9c0\uc704 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uacbd\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \uacb0\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc758 \uadfc\uc6d0\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uc815\ubd80 \ubcf4\uc870\uae08, \uc9c0\uc801 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c \uce68\ud574, \uac15\uc81c \uae30\uc220 \uc774\uc804, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd80\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc \uc81c\ud55c\uc740 \uc911\uad6d \uae30\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4. WTO\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\ud2b9\ubcc4 \ubc0f \ucc28\ub4f1 \ub300\uc6b0&#8217;\ub97c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc740 \uadf8 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ube44\uc911\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uad6d\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc911\uad6d\uc758 &#8216;\uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uc0ac\uc6b0\uc2a4&#8217; \uc804\ub7b5\uc740 \uc77c\ub300\uc77c\ub85c \uc774\ub2c8\uc154\ud2f0\ube0c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubb34\uc5ed \ucd95\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uacfc\uc789 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \ud574\uc18c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \uc77c\ubd80 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub3c4\uc0c1\uad6d\uc5d0 &#8216;\ubd80\ucc44 \uc678\uad50&#8217;\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\uace0 \ud604\uc9c0 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ubc1c\uc804\uc744 \uc800\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6b0\ub824\ub97c \ub0b3\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ub2e4\uac01\uc801\uc778 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ucc44\ud0dd\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654 \uc804\ub7b5\uc758 \uc7ac\uc815\uc758:<\/strong> \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc2dc\uc7a5 \ub300\uccb4\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc, \uacf5\uae09\ub9dd\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ud68c\ubcf5\ub825\uacfc \ub2e4\ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 &#8216;\ud504\ub80c\ub4dc\uc1fc\uc5b4\ub9c1&#8217; \ubc0f &#8216;\ub2c8\uc5b4\uc1fc\uc5b4\ub9c1&#8217;\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ubb34\uc5ed \uaddc\ubc94\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ub294 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uae30\ubc18\uc744 \uc7ac\uac74\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacbd\uc7c1\ub825 \uac15\ud654:<\/strong> \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud568\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc740 \uc790\uad6d\uc758 \ud601\uc2e0 \uc5ed\ub7c9\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc790\uae09\uc790\uc871\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \ucd08\uace0\ub3c4 \uae30\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc804\ubb38\ud654\ub41c \ub2c8\uce58 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc9d1\uc911\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uacf5\uc815 \ubb34\uc5ed \ud658\uacbd \uc694\uad6c:<\/strong> \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uad6d\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ud589\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uad6d\uc81c\uc801\uc778 \ud611\ub825\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\ub41c \ubaa9\uc18c\ub9ac\ub85c \ub300\uc751\ud558\uc5ec, \uc9c0\uc801 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c \ubcf4\ud638, \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uc811\uadfc\uc758 \ud638\ud61c\uc131, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud22c\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uaddc\uce59\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uae30\ud68c \ud0d0\uc0c9:<\/strong> \uc0c1\ud488 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 EU\uc640 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\ub4ef\uc774 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubb34\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uace0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740, \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud560 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ub370 \uc9d1\uc911\ud558\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4, \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc7ac\uc815\ub9bd\ud558\uace0 \ud611\uc0c1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c1\ud638 \uc774\uc775\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ud574\uacb0\ucc45\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uacfc \ub3c4\uc804\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uac1c\uc120\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc81c \uc548\uc815\uacfc \uc131\uc7a5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc804\ub7b5\uc784\uc744 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/neuegnet.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/65212-johnkim-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3295\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uac01\uc8fc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinausfocus.com\/finance-economy\/washingtons-new-trade-encirclement-strategy-could-well-backfire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.chinausfocus.com\/finance-economy\/washingtons-new-trade-encirclement-strategy-could-well-backfire<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2] &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/clearsky2100.com\/friendshoring-with-deel-gain-the-edge-in-supply-chain-resiliency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/clearsky2100.com\/friendshoring-with-deel-gain-the-edge-in-supply-chain-resiliency\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]  <a href=\"https:\/\/nxtpointlogistics.com\/blog\/reshoring-nearshoring-friendshoring-explained-supply-chain-transformation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/nxtpointlogistics.com\/blog\/reshoring-nearshoring-friendshoring-explained-supply-chain-transformation\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]  <a href=\"https:\/\/english.ckgsb.edu.cn\/knowledge\/article\/made-in-china-2025-looking-at-a-decade-of-chinas-self-sufficiency-drive\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/english.ckgsb.edu.cn\/knowledge\/article\/made-in-china-2025-looking-at-a-decade-of-chinas-self-sufficiency-drive\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/stories\/2025\/06\/how-china-is-reinventing-the-future-of-global-manufacturing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/stories\/2025\/06\/how-china-is-reinventing-the-future-of-global-manufacturing\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.piie.com\/blogs\/realtime-economics\/2024\/south-korea-de-risking\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.piie.com\/blogs\/realtime-economics\/2024\/south-korea-de-risking<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.siriuswealthstrategies.com\/blog\/chinas-unfair-trade-practices-a-u-s-perspective\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.siriuswealthstrategies.com\/blog\/chinas-unfair-trade-practices-a-u-s-perspective<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]  <a href=\"https:\/\/think.ing.com\/articles\/unpacking-the-early-tariff-impact-on-chinas-exports\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/think.ing.com\/articles\/unpacking-the-early-tariff-impact-on-chinas-exports\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]  <a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/china\/imports-by-category\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/china\/imports-by-category<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]  <a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/japan\/exports\/china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/japan\/exports\/china<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usimportdata.com\/blogs\/us-china-trade-war-2024-25-top-imports-exports-reciprocal-tariff-updates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.usimportdata.com\/blogs\/us-china-trade-war-2024-25-top-imports-exports-reciprocal-tariff-updates<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]  <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/web\/products-eurostat-news\/w\/ddn-20250304-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/web\/products-eurostat-news\/w\/ddn-20250304-1<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]  <a href=\"https:\/\/policy.trade.ec.europa.eu\/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region\/countries-and-regions\/china_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/policy.trade.ec.europa.eu\/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region\/countries-and-regions\/china_en<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]  <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/index.php\/China-EU_-_international_trade_in_goods_statistics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/index.php\/China-EU_-_international_trade_in_goods_statistics<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]  <a href=\"https:\/\/ustr.gov\/countries-regions\/china-mongolia-taiwan\/peoples-republic-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ustr.gov\/countries-regions\/china-mongolia-taiwan\/peoples-republic-china<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]  <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/68513166514cf0979e98765a\/china-trade-and-investment-factsheet-2025-06-19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/68513166514cf0979e98765a\/china-trade-and-investment-factsheet-2025-06-19.pdf<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsa-tax.com\/single-post\/italy-china-bilateral-relations-and-trade-2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.rsa-tax.com\/single-post\/italy-china-bilateral-relations-and-trade-2024<\/a> \\<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/en-gb\/news\/2025\/08\/dutch-exports-to-china-up-again-while-germany-s-have-fallen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/en-gb\/news\/2025\/08\/dutch-exports-to-china-up-again-while-germany-s-have-fallen<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ciie.org\/zbh\/en\/news\/exhibition\/focus\/20240222\/43100.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ciie.org\/zbh\/en\/news\/exhibition\/focus\/20240222\/43100.html<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]  <a href=\"https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/france\/exports\/china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/france\/exports\/china<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]  <a href=\"https:\/\/oec.world\/en\/profile\/bilateral-country\/fra\/partner\/chn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/oec.world\/en\/profile\/bilateral-country\/fra\/partner\/chn<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]  <a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/cbbcs-trade-tracker-shows-strong-resurgence-in-uk-china-trade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/cbbcs-trade-tracker-shows-strong-resurgence-in-uk-china-trade\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawksford.com\/insights-and-guides\/luxury-brands-expanding-into-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.hawksford.com\/insights-and-guides\/luxury-brands-expanding-into-china<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]  <a href=\"https:\/\/martinroll.com\/resources\/articles\/asia\/chinese-luxury-consumers-trends-and-challenges-for-luxury-brands\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/martinroll.com\/resources\/articles\/asia\/chinese-luxury-consumers-trends-and-challenges-for-luxury-brands\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/1177083X.2024.2328532\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/1177083X.2024.2328532<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/uploads\/documents\/Hopewell_The%20Impact%20of%20China%27s%20Trade%20Policies%20on%20Global%20Development.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/uploads\/documents\/Hopewell_The%20Impact%20of%20China%27s%20Trade%20Policies%20on%20Global%20Development.pdf<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/uploads\/documents\/Hopewell_The%20Impact%20of%20China%27s%20Trade%20Policies%20on%20Global%20Development.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/uploads\/documents\/Hopewell_The%20Impact%20of%20China%27s%20Trade%20Policies%20on%20Global%20Development.pdf<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]  <a href=\"https:\/\/lkyspp.nus.edu.sg\/gia\/article\/southbound--china-s-new-growth-strategy-beyond-the-west\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/lkyspp.nus.edu.sg\/gia\/article\/southbound&#8211;china-s-new-growth-strategy-beyond-the-west<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thomsonreuters.com\/en-us\/posts\/international-trade-and-supply-chain\/global-trading-risk-china-belt-road-initiative\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.thomsonreuters.com\/en-us\/posts\/international-trade-and-supply-chain\/global-trading-risk-china-belt-road-initiative\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jusdaglobal.com\/en\/article\/belt-road-initiative-global-trade-impact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.jusdaglobal.com\/en\/article\/belt-road-initiative-global-trade-impact\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]  <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_imperialism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chinese_imperialism<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[32]  <a href=\"https:\/\/ip-quarterly.com\/en\/chinas-overcapacity-and-global-south-opportunity-eu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ip-quarterly.com\/en\/chinas-overcapacity-and-global-south-opportunity-eu<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[33]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icis.com\/asian-chemical-connections\/2025\/07\/china-three-scenarios-for-the-trade-war-its-economy-and-petrochemicals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.icis.com\/asian-chemical-connections\/2025\/07\/china-three-scenarios-for-the-trade-war-its-economy-and-petrochemicals\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[34]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/will-united-states-push-europe-toward-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/will-united-states-push-europe-toward-china<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[35]  <a href=\"https:\/\/english.ckgsb.edu.cn\/knowledge\/article\/china-trade-surplus-and-global-risks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/english.ckgsb.edu.cn\/knowledge\/article\/china-trade-surplus-and-global-risks\/<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[36]  <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/index.php\/China-EU_-_international_trade_in_goods_statistics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/index.php\/China-EU_-_international_trade_in_goods_statistics<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[37]  <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/SEPDF\/cache\/55157.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/statistics-explained\/SEPDF\/cache\/55157.pdf<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[38]  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.piie.com\/research\/piie-charts\/2024\/south-koreas-exports-united-states-and-japan-overtook-exports-china-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.piie.com\/research\/piie-charts\/2024\/south-koreas-exports-united-states-and-japan-overtook-exports-china-2023<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[39] \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsa-tax.com\/single-post\/italy-china-trade-trends-export-and-import-dynamics\">https:\/\/www.rsa-tax.com\/single-post\/italy-china-trade-trends-export-and-import-dynamics<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ucd5c\uadfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ce\uc740 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud560 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ucc3e\uace0 \uc788\uace0, \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c \uaddc\ubaa8\uc640 \uc18c\ube44 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uac00\uc7a5 \uba3c\uc800 \uace0\ub824\ub418\ub294 \ub300\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a0\uc624\ub978\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc911\uad6d \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uc548\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uace0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc0c1\ub300\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc678\uad6d \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uace0\ubd80\uac00\uac00\uce58 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uae00\ub85c\ubc8c \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790\uc774\uc790 &#8216;\ud3ec\uc2dd\uc790&#8217;\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3939,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3933"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3933\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neueg.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}